MILD, WET, OCTOBER, SECOND DULLEST OCTOBER ON RECORD
Armagh Observatory, seventh November 2025: Armagh Observatory reviews that October 2025 was hotter and wetter than common, and the dullest October at Armagh for 79 years.
Complete precipitation was 108.5 mm (4.27 inches) together with 6 hint values, subsequently 108.2 mm if hint values are ignored. That is practically 35% greater than the 183-year long-term (1838-2020) October common at Armagh (80.4mm) and 34% better than the latest (1991-2020) 30-year common (81.0 mm). Contemplating that September 2025 was additionally wetter than common, these months could also be considered ending the exceptional 16-month sequence of largely drier-than-average months starting in Might 2024. Throughout that interval at Armagh, whereas July 2025 recorded common precipitation solely the comparatively dry months April and June 2025 had been wetter than common. This October was additionally the wettest month at Armagh because the record-breaking October 2023 (195.35 mm together with 9 hint values).
The UK and Eire had been affected by two named storms this month, specifically Storm Amy and Storm Benjamin. Amy, the primary named storm of the 2025/2026 season, introduced heavy rain and powerful winds as much as gale power to many northern and western areas of the British Isles, together with Armagh, on the third and 4th of October 2025. The second storm, Benjamin, which had been named by the French meteorological administration Meteo France, was felt on the twenty second and twenty third of October primarily over continental Europe and components of southern and japanese England.
The wettest days at Armagh this month had been the 2nd and third, each related to the arrival and passage of Storm Amy. Armagh Observatory recorded 21.3 mm of precipitation on the 2nd and 14.6 mm on the third, totalling 35.9 mm of rainfall over the 2 meteorological days. The third wettest day this month at Armagh was 13.1 mm on the 18th.
Not only a fairly image (Picture credit score: Keith Johnston)
Two rainbows had been seen this month, each within the morning across the time of observations (09:00 GMT). The primary of those was on the twenty fifth and the second on the twenty seventh. The observer additionally recorded the sustained harrying of a herring gull by a jackdaw (a a lot smaller chicken) on the morning of the eleventh, and two geese flying in a north-easterly route on the morning of the twenty fourth.
The month-to-month common temperature was 11.2 C (52.2 levels Fahrenheit), roughly 1.72 C hotter than the 225-year long-term (1796-2020) common October temperature at Armagh (9.48 C) and 0.83 C hotter than the latest (1991-2020) 30-year common (10.37 C). Regardless of this October subsequently being hotter than common, it’s attention-grabbing to notice that every of the final 4 Octobers at Armagh, all hotter than common, had been every cooler than the one earlier than.
The warmest day was the first with a most temperature of 19.3 C. This was adopted by 19.0 C on the third and 17.5 C on the sixth. The best days, that’s, these with the bottom most air temperatures, had been 10.4C on the twenty third adopted by 10.8 C on the sixteenth and twenty fifth.
The best minimal air temperature, often the warmest evening, was 13.7 C. This occurred at or instantly after the time of observations on 30 September however following meteorological conventions was attributed to the primary meteorologial day of the month. This was adopted by 13.6 C on the 2nd and 12.9 C on the seventh. The bottom minimal air
temperature, or coolest evening, was 3.2 C on the thirtieth, adopted by 4.1 C on the twenty sixth after which by 5.1 C on the night of the twenty third however attributed
to the twenty fourth,and 5.1 C once more on the twenty fifth.
There have been two floor frosts this October, specifically -7.3 C on the twenty sixth and -0.8 C on the thirtieth. The third lowest grass-minimum temperature was 0.1C on the twenty second.
This yr we carried out a reside science present in collaboration with the Royal Establishment for Halloween. The rainfall on Halloween Day added so much to the spooky impact! (Credit score: AOP)
Halloween (thirty first October) at Armagh was a gentle, slightly damp day, with drizzle within the morning, a couple of sunny spells within the afternoon supplying a complete of three.3 hours of robust sunshine, later adopted by rain resulting in a complete precipitation of 11.3 mm.
October 2025 was exceptional for its frequency of cloudy skies and the shortage of robust sunshine. 23 days had been completely overcast when the observations had been made at 09:00 GMT, and through the entire month there have been simply 47.3 hours of robust sunshine. That is barely greater than half the common October sunshine at Armagh, roughly 54% of the
140-year (1881-2020) long-term common (87.5 hours) and 51% of the latest (1991-2020) 30-year common (92.0 hours).
This was additionally the second dullest October on report at Armagh, that’s, in a each day sunshine sequence beginning in 1880. The 5 dullest Octobers at Armagh are actually October 1946 (41.9 hours of robust sunshine), October 2025 (47.3 hours), October 1916 (52.5 hours), October 1907 (58.9 hours), and October 2017 (58.8 hours). October 2025 was subsequently the dullest at Armagh for 79 years. There have been 13 boring days, that’s, days with lower than half-hour of robust sunshine, in contrast with a long-term common at Armagh of 9.9 days, and 9 with no robust sunshine in any respect, in contrast with the long-term common of 6.7. The sunniest day was an unremarkable 5.9 hours on the 4th, adopted by 5.8 hours on the twenty eighth,
and 4.6 hours on the twenty fifth.
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These knowledge confer with observations at Armagh Observatory, which has been recording the climate at Armagh since 1795.
