In 2018, NASA mission planners chosen the Jezero Crater as the long run touchdown website of the Perseverance rover. This crater was a pure selection, because it was as soon as an historical lake mattress, as evidenced by the delta fan at its western edge. On Earth, these options kind within the presence of flowing water that regularly deposits sediment over time. Mixed with the truth that the Jezero Crater’s delta function is wealthy in clays, this makes the area a major goal to seek for biosignatures – proof of previous (and possibly current) life on Mars!
In current information, NASA introduced that the Perseverance rover had reached the top of Jezero Crater’s rim at a location the science workforce calls “Lookout Hill.” The rover spent the earlier three and a half months climbing the rim, overlaying a distance of 500 vertical meters (1,640 vertical ft) and making science observations alongside the way in which. Now that it has crested the rim, Perseverance can start what the mission workforce calls its “Northern Rim” marketing campaign. Over the subsequent yr, the rover is predicted to drive 6.4 km (4 mi) and go to as much as 4 websites of curiosity the place it can get hold of geological samples.
Because it landed within the Jezero Crater in February 2021, Perseverance has accomplished four science campaigns. This contains the “Crater Floor,” “Fan Front,” “Upper Fan,” and “Margin Unit” based mostly on the place the rover was acquiring samples from. In the course of the first marketing campaign, the rover visited options round its touchdown website – just like the Máaz formation – the place it obtained a number of rock and atmospheric samples, and a few witness samples for contamination evaluation. The 2 campaigns that adopted noticed the rover discover completely different sections of Jezero’s delta fan and procure samples of rock and clay.
The fourth marketing campaign, in the meantime, consisted of the rover analyzing marginal carbonate rocks that circle the higher fringe of the Jezero Crater. The science workforce calls Perseverance’s fifth marketing campaign the “Northern Rim” as a result of its route covers the northern a part of the southwestern part of Jezero’s rim. The positioning was chosen in order that the rover might discover a area of Mars, not like something it has investigated earlier than. Ken Farley, a venture scientist for Perseverance at Caltech, defined in a NASA press release:
“The Northern Rim marketing campaign brings us fully new scientific riches as Perseverance roves into basically new geology. It marks our transition from rocks that partially crammed Jezero Crater when it was shaped by a large impression about 3.9 billion years in the past to rocks from deep down inside Mars that had been thrown upward to kind the crater rim after impression. These rocks signify items of early Martian crust and are among the many oldest rocks discovered wherever within the photo voltaic system. Investigating them might assist us perceive what Mars — and our personal planet — could have appeared like to start with.”
Now that Perseverance has crested and moved on from Lookout Hill, the rover is heading to a rocky outcrop about 450 m (1,500 ft) on the opposite aspect of the rim referred to as “Witch Hazel Hill.” Stated Candice Bedford, a Perseverance scientist from Purdue College:
“The marketing campaign begins off with a bang as a result of Witch Hazel Hill represents over 330 ft [~100 m] of layered outcrop, the place every layer is sort of a web page within the guide of Martian historical past. As we drive down the hill, we will likely be going again in time, investigating the traditional environments of Mars recorded within the crater rim. Then, after a steep descent, we take our first turns of the wheel away from the crater rim towards ‘Lac de Charmes,’ about 2 miles [3.2 km] south.”
Situated on the plains past the rim, the Lac de Charmes area is of curiosity to the mission workforce as a result of it’s much less more likely to have been affected by the impression that led to the Jezero Crater. Past that, the rover will journey about 1.6 km (1 mi) again up the rim to analyze an outcropping of blocks (megabreccia) that could be the stays of historical bedrock damaged by one other impression. This was the Isidis impact, which occurred 3.9 billion years in the past and led to the formation of the Isidis Planitia basin within the Northern Lowlands.
Investigating this website might present helpful perception into a significant surface-reshaping occasion that came about throughout the Noachian Period on Mars. This geological epoch noticed in depth erosion by flowing water, as indicated by the numerous river valley networks dated to the interval. It’s also throughout the Noachian that the Tharsis Bulge is believed to have shaped, indicating that Mars was nonetheless geologically energetic. As at all times, the final word purpose is to seek out biosignatures from this “hotter, wetter” interval that point out that Mars might have had life (just like Earth on the time).
The Perseverance science workforce additionally shared data on the rover, their science operations, and future plans at a media briefing on Thursday, December twelfth, throughout the annual assembly of the American Geophysical Union (AGU) in Washington. As Steven Lee, the deputy venture supervisor for the Perseverance mission at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, stated throughout the briefing:
“In the course of the Jezero Crater rim climb, our rover drivers have accomplished an incredible job negotiating a number of the toughest terrain we’ve encountered since touchdown. They developed progressive approaches to beat these challenges — even tried driving backward to see if it will assist — and the rover has come by all of it like a champ. Perseverance is ‘go’ for every thing the science workforce needs to throw at it throughout this subsequent science marketing campaign.”
Additional Studying: NASA
